汽(qi)车线(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)路(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)常见的(de)(de)故(gu)(gu)障有：插接件(jian)接触不(bu)(bu)良、导(dao)线(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)之间的(de)(de)短(duan)路(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)、断(duan)路(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)、搭铁等(deng)(deng)。产(chan)生原因(yin)有以(yi)(yi)下(xia)几个方面：1)自然损(sun)(sun)坏电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)线(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)束(shu)(shu)使用超(chao)过了使用期，使电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)线(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)老(lao)化，绝缘层(ceng)(ceng)破裂，机械强度显著下(xia)降，引起电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)线(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)之间短(duan)路(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)、断(duan)路(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)、搭铁等(deng)(deng)，造(zao)成(cheng)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)线(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)束(shu)(shu)烧坏。线(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)束(shu)(shu)端子氧化、变形，造(zao)成(cheng)接触不(bu)(bu)良等(deng)(deng)，会(hui)引起电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)气(qi)(qi)(qi)设(she)备(bei)(bei)不(bu)(bu)能(neng)正(zheng)常工作。2)由于电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)气(qi)(qi)(qi)设(she)备(bei)(bei)的(de)(de)故(gu)(gu)障造(zao)成(cheng)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)线(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)束(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)损(sun)(sun)坏当电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)气(qi)(qi)(qi)设(she)备(bei)(bei)发生过载、短(duan)路(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)、搭铁等(deng)(deng)故(gu)(gu)障，都可能(neng)引起电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)线(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)束(shu)(shu)损(sun)(sun)坏。3)人(ren)为故(gu)(gu)障装(zhuang)配或检修汽(qi)车零部(bu)件(jian)时，金属物体(ti)将(jiang)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)线(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)束(shu)(shu)压伤(shang)，使电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)线(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)束(shu)(shu)绝缘层(ceng)(ceng)破裂;电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)线(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)束(shu)(shu)位置不(bu)(bu)当;电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)气(qi)(qi)(qi)设(she)备(bei)(bei)的(de)(de)引线(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)位置接错;蓄(xu)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池正(zheng)负极引线(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)接反(fan);检修电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)故(gu)(gu)障时，乱接、乱剪电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)线(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)束(shu)(shu)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)线(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)等(deng)(deng)，都可以(yi)(yi)引起电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)气(qi)(qi)(qi)设(she)备(bei)(bei)的(de)(de)不(bu)(bu)正(zheng)常工作，甚至烧坏电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)线(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)束(shu)(shu)。 [1]